The doctrine of Original Sin is a very famous doctrine for Christians, both Catholics and protestants. The main message of doctrine is embarrassment of human race because of The Sin committed by Adam when he was in heaven. This doctrine provides a justification for salvatory mission of Juses Christ. Its defenders refer to Gospel, especially to Poul writings. St. Augustin played an important part in development of The doctrine. But this Theory has had its own opponents also, most important of Them is Plagious. Since Plagious time, disagreement with The Theory has been continued. But Christian church in different cases and different councils, like Orange, Cartage, and Terent councils, has insisted on correctness of The doctrine and has called The opponents heretics. This article deals with this Theory, its main contents and its defenders and opponents.

One of The most important doctrines in Christianity is Original Sin. It has a key role in Christian Theology and was The concern of many Christian thinkers during The history of Christianity. The debates and disputes of Christian Theologians about it, especially in early history of Christianity lead to take a formal position about it by The Church. In sacred texts of Muslims, especially in Holy Qur’an many verses point out to disobedience of Adam and Eve too. So, many thinkers and commentators deal with The Sin of Adam and Eve from The view of Holy Qur’an. Despite a general agreement between Christianity and Islam about The disobedience of Adam and Eve, There is, neverTheless, a main disagreement between Them about The quantity and quality of The Sin of Adam and Eve. This essay tries to show The similarities and differences as to The disobedience and Sin of Adam and Eve through a comparative study which is based primarily on Islamic and Christian Scriptures.

Christianity is based upon The idea of Original Sin. In oTher words, Christianity began by establishing a doctrine for The Sin which is executed by Adam and Eva. In different eras, Christian Theologians and before Them, Church’s FaThers, tried to formulate this idea in a justificatory manner and to find a way for human salvation. The summit of These efforts could be seen in Saint Augustin and LuTher writings. But, in The renaissance era, Their approach converted and lead to anoTher way and The thinkers of this age tried to revise The idea of Original Sin. One of These thinkers is Giordano Bruno. He disputed with LuTheran tradition and announced that this idea is false. In this article, first we try to sum up Bruno’s arguments and Then we analyze phrases from Bible which is deeply related to The idea and by doing this we shall try to enforce Bruno’s Thesis and to show in which way he was right. In The conclusion, we make this point evident that The revision Bruno made, lead Renaissance to a new kind of believing in God and by asserting this it will be intelligible that contrary to common beliefs, Renaissance raTher than being era of leaving God behind The doors of Church, is The era of deification of every Single part of World.

One of The most debated problems during The middle Ages was The problem of The ontology of general concepts or universals which originated from The three important questions of Porphyry in his Introduction to Aristotle's Categories, i.e. Isagogé. The translation of this work from Greek to Latin and its commentary by Boethius is an important factor to flourish The problem of ontology of universals and to appear three main views concerning this problem: realism, conceptualism, and nouminalism. It seems that, neverTheless, among The important causes of extension and development of this problem in Middle Ages is its close relationship with some of Christian doctrines such as God's foreknowledge, trinity, and Original Sin. Therefore, it can to say that Theological motives of medieval thinkers have had a great influence on flourishing and extension of The debates of universals. One of The most Theologian problems that have a close relationship with The problem of universals is The doctrine of Original Sin. The account of The nature of Original Sin and quality of its transmission from Adam and Eve to human generation from some thinkers of Middle Ages such as Anselm and Odo became The main cause of emerging The collective realism Theory concerning The ontology of universals.

The “ Original Sin” , as a teaching, is one of The fundamental pillars of Polusian interpretation of Christianity that besides The justification of salvation, as a teaching, confirms The divinity of Jesus. Indeed, Sin, salvation or grace and Christ divinity have a necessary and profound interrelationship to The extent that The denial or repudiation of one can create big challenges to The Polus’ transcendental system. The Theologians and philosophers of Christianity like Saint Augustin, saint Anselm and Odo with The aim of better understanding Sin, as a teaching, and providing defense against The critics’ opinions, besides preserving The framework of what Polus has expressed in his letters on The new testament, have tried to describe, interpret and justify his system of thought. Augustine, through inheritance, Anselm, through relying on human nature and Odo, through attributing referents to Their antecedents, have tried to give a better explanation of The Original Sin, but none of Them seems to be able to provide a dependable justification in this regard. The present paper intends to study and analyze The justifications provided by These three Theologians.

In addition to epic, tale and folk, myth is one of The constituent elements of The culture and ethnic and national identity of societies. Some mythologists believe that The religions of The early civilizations and The period before The spread of monoTheistic religions were based on myths. The Original Sin is a concept seen in The actions and deeds of The mythological characters of different nations. It seems that The doctrine of Original Sin is a Theme that has had a great impact on The fate of nations. An examination of The various myths reveals that mythological characters commit The Original Sin, sometimes intentionally and voluntarily, and sometimes unintentionally and involuntarily. The present study investigates The myth of Sin in Iranian and Greek mythology by uSing analytical-comparative method. The attempts are made to study The motives for committing The Original Sin in Iranian and Greek mythology, and to consider The differences and commonalities between The mythological and epic characters of Iran and Greece. The results show that despite The fundamental differences between Iranian and Greek mythological characters, factors such as doubt, pride, intervention of Demon and evil forces, as well as gaining power and kingdom are The main reasons of committing The Original Sin. Unlike Iranian mythology, in Greek mythology, The gods have obvious implications for The Original Sin.

Death has been an everlasting human question. It has been regarded as one of The existential and human epistemic concerns both in religions and various philosophical and Theological schools. The question of death in The works of Saint Augustine has been largely dismissed by scholars. Scrutinizing his oeuvre indicates that compared to his predecessors and based on hisapproach to Christianity, specifically to St. Paul’s doctrines, Augustine is more attentive to The relation between death and Sin. In his works, he justifies death based on The Original Sin as well as those everyday Sins that committed by human being throughout her life, identifying Sin as The cause of death.

After saint Paul, Saint Agustin investigated The question of Original Sin for The first time. In his view, due to The fact that The Original Sin was committed by Adam and Eve, man is considered Sinful and it is only through kindness God's and divine favor that he is guided towards good. This paper, seeks to address this question Theoretically and carefully by referring to The Gospel and Torah, taking in to consideration The standpoints of some Theologians and philosophers. This paper concluded that although, There is no trace of Original Sin in The Old and New Testament, many Christian sects agree upon The universality of Adam's Sin today. According to Them and to Poles and The oThers, not only all divine prophets share The Original Sin, but also every child is born Sinner. Allamah Tabataba'i and oThers criticize this Theory.

After AD 70, Christianity managed to dispense with Judaism. The idea of independence and separation from Judaism made Christianity tend towards Greco-Roman civilization, thoughts and culture. For explaining The Christian teachings, Paulus and some vindicators and Church faThers borrowed The content or structure of The basic religious characteristics of Christianity from The Greco-Roman ideas of Their age. USing documentary analysis, The present paper explains The Greco-Roman origin of The Trinity, Incarnation, The Atonement and Original Sin, which are considered as The central Christian doctrines. The results of this research show that Christianity’s interpretation of The content and structure of "The Trinity" and "incarnation" is based on The Greek categories. The content of "atonement" and "Original Sin" exist in Christianity, but Their form and structure have been influenced by Greco-Roman culture.